1. Gushushanya
-Ibisobanuro: Gushushanya ni ijambo rusange mubikorwa byakozwe kugirango habeho firime yo gutwikira ukoresheje irangi hagamijwe gupfuka hejuru yikintu cyo kurinda nuburanga, nibindi.
-Intego: Intego yo gushushanya ntabwo ari ubwiza gusa, ahubwo ni no kurinda, bityo, kuzamura ubwiza bwibicuruzwa.
1) Kurinda: Ibyinshi mubikoresho byingenzi bigize ibinyabiziga ni ibyapa, kandi iyo ikinyabiziga gikozwe hamwe nicyuma nkigipfundikizo, gikora nubushuhe cyangwa ogisijeni mukirere kugirango bibyare ingese. Intego ikomeye yo gushushanya ni ukurinda ikintu mukurinda ingese (ingese).
2) Ubwiza: Imiterere yimodoka ifite ubwoko butandukanye bwimiterere nimirongo nkuburinganire bwibice bitatu, hejuru yuburinganire, hejuru yuhetamye, imirongo igororotse, n'imirongo. Mugushushanya ibintu nkibi bigoye, byerekana imyumvire yibara ihuye nimiterere yimodoka kandi itezimbere ubwiza bwimodoka icyarimwe.
3) Gutezimbere isoko: Kugeza ubu, ku isoko hari ubwoko butandukanye bwimodoka, ariko muribo, iyo ugereranije ibinyabiziga bifite imiterere imwe hamwe numurimo umwe, kurugero, imwe ifite irangi rya tone ebyiri isa neza. agaciro kiyongera nkuko Muri ubu buryo, ni imwe mu ntego zo kugerageza kuzamura agaciro k'ibicuruzwa ushushanya. Mubyongeyeho, kuramba kwinyuma yimodoka birasabwa kubera ihinduka ryibidukikije ryihuse. Kurugero, ibyifuzo byamabara akora birinda kwangirika kwamafirime yatewe nimvura ya aside hamwe no kwangirika kwizuba ryambere ryatewe no gukaraba imodoka byikora byiyongera, bityo bikazamura isoko.Gushushanya byikora no gushushanya intoki byombi bikoreshwa bitewe nubuziranenge bwibisabwa.
2. Ibigize irangi: Ibigize irangi Irangi ni amazi meza cyane aho ibice bitatu bigize pigment, resin, na solvent bivangwa kimwe (bitatanye).
- Pigment: Ifu yamabara idashonga mumashanyarazi cyangwa mumazi. Itandukaniro ryirangi ni uko ryatatanye nkibice bitarinze gushonga mumazi cyangwa kumashanyarazi. Ingano yingirakamaro kuva kuri micrometero nyinshi kugeza kuri micrometero mirongo. Byongeye kandi, hariho uburyo butandukanye, nkuburyo buzenguruka, imiterere yinkoni, inshinge, nuburyo bworoshye. Ni ifu (ifu) itanga ibara (imbaraga zamabara) nimbaraga zo guhisha (ubushobozi bwo gupfuka no guhisha hejuru yikintu ukoresheje opaque) kuri firime yo gutwikira, kandi hariho ubwoko bubiri: organic organique na organic. Pigment), gusya, no kwagura pigment bikoreshwa mugutezimbere ubutaka. Irangi ritagira ibara kandi risobanutse ryitwa risobanutse hagati yamabara, mugihe pigment itandukanijwe mubice bigize amarangi,
Byakoreshejwe mugutanga firime ya coating kurushaho.
1) Imikorere ya pigment
* Ibara ryibara: gutanga ibara, imbaraga zo guhisha
genda. Ibimera bidafite umubiri: Ibi ni pigment karemano nka cyera, umuhondo, numutuku wijimye. Nibintu byuma nka zinc, titanium, icyuma cyitwa gurş, umuringa, nibindi. Muri rusange, bifite ibihe byiza byo guhangana nikirere hamwe nubushyuhe bwo guhisha ubushyuhe, ariko kubijyanye no kugaragara neza kwamabara, ntabwo ari byiza nkibimera. Nka irangi ryimodoka, pigment ya organic organique yonyine ntabwo ikoreshwa. Byongeye kandi, mu rwego rwo gukumira ihumana ry’ibidukikije, pigment irimo ibyuma biremereye byangiza nka kadmium na chromium ntabwo bikoreshwa muri iki gihe.
wowe. Ibimera ngengabuzima: Byakozwe na synthesis organique na reaction ya chimique buri gihe, kandi ni ibintu bikozwe mubyuma cyangwa nkuko biri muri kamere. Muri rusange, ibintu byihishe ntabwo ari byiza cyane, ariko kubera ko habonetse ibara risobanutse, rikoreshwa cyane mugushushanya neza kwamabara akomeye, ibara ryuma, na mika ibara nkirangi ryimbere yimodoka.
* Kurwanya ingese: kwirinda ingese
* Kwagura Pigment: Filime ikomeye irashobora kuboneka, irinda kwangirika kwa firime yo gutwikira no kunoza igihe kirekire.
- Resin: Amazi abonerana ahuza pigment na pigment kandi atanga gloss, ubukana, hamwe no gufatira kuri firime. Irindi zina ryitwa binder. Ibikoresho byumye hamwe nigihe kirekire cya firime yo gutwikira biterwa cyane nimiterere ya resin.
1) Ibisigarira bisanzwe: Bikurwa cyane cyangwa bisohoka mu bimera kandi bikoreshwa mu gusiga amarangi nka varish ishingiye ku mavuta, varish, na lacquer.
2. Nibintu kama nuburemere bunini cyane ugereranije nubutaka busanzwe. Byongeye kandi, ibisigarira bya sintetike bigabanyijemo ibice bya termoplastique (byoroha kandi bigashonga iyo bishyushye) hamwe nubushyuhe bwa termosetting (bigakomera bitewe nubushakashatsi bwimiti ukoresheje ubushyuhe, kandi ntibworoha kandi bishonga nubwo byongeye gushyuha nyuma yo gukonja).
- Umuti: Nibisukari bibonerana bishonga ibisigara kugirango pigment na resin bivangwa byoroshye. Nyuma yo gushushanya, ihinduka nk'ibintu byoroshye kandi ntibiguma kuri firime.
Car
1. Incamake no gusobanura amarangi: Duhereye ku gutanga 'gukumira ingese (anti-rust)' n '' ubwiza bw 'ubwiza', amarangi y’imodoka yagize uruhare mu kuzamura isoko ry’imodoka hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryicyo gihe. Mubintu byiza bikurikira, amarangi hamwe na sisitemu yashizweho kugirango agere kuri iyo mico yo gutwikira cyane mubukungu.
Irangi muri rusange riratemba kandi rifite imitungo yo gutwikirwa hejuru yikintu kigomba gutwikirwa no gukora firime ikomeza (coating film) binyuze mukumisha no gukiza. Ukurikije imiterere yumubiri nubumashini ya firime ya coating yakozwe murubu buryo, 'kwirinda ingese' na 'plastike' bihabwa ikintu cyo gutwikirwa.
2. Uburyo bwo gushushanya amamodoka: Kugirango ubone ubuziranenge bwimodoka yabugenewe muburyo bwubukungu, hashyizweho uburyo bwo gutwikira hamwe nibisobanuro bifatika, kandi buri kintu cyingenzi gihabwa firime yo gutwikira yabonetse muri buri gikorwa. Byongeye kandi, kubera ko ibiranga firime ya coater biterwa nibikorwa byiza kandi bibi bikora, irangi rikoreshwa muri buri gikorwa ryarateguwe kugirango ibikorwa nyamukuru byashinzwe bishoboke cyane urebye uko ibintu bimeze.Porogaramu igenzurwa cyane mu iduka ryirangi.
Inzira yavuzwe haruguru ni sisitemu ya 3-ikote cyangwa 4-ikoti ikunze gukoreshwa cyane mugutwikira ibinyabiziga byo hanze yimodoka, kandi firime yo gutwika ikozwe muri buri nzira yerekana imirimo izasobanurwa nyuma kandi igashyiraho ubuziranenge bwimodoka nkibintu byuzuye sisitemu yo gutwikira. Mu gikamyo no mu binyabiziga byoroheje, hari aho usanga sisitemu yo gutwikira amakoti abiri aho intambwe yo hagati ikurwaho ku ntambwe yo gutwikira. Na none, mumodoka yo murwego rwohejuru, birashoboka kugera kubwiza bwiza ukoresheje ikote hagati cyangwa hejuru hejuru kabiri.
Na none, vuba aha, inzira yo kugabanya igiciro cyo gutwika muguhuza inzira yo hagati no hejuru yo hejuru yarizwe kandi irashyirwa mubikorwa.
. Kugeza ubu, zinc fosifate nicyo kintu cyingenzi kigize firime, kandi uburyo bwo kuvura kwibiza ni inzira nyamukuru kuburyo ishobora kuvura bihagije ibice bifite imiterere igoye. By'umwihariko, kuri electrodeposition ya cationic, ibyuma nka Fe, Ni, na Mn usibye Zn byahujwe no gutwikira kugirango birusheho kunoza ruswa.
- Ipitingi ya electrodeposition (ubwoko bwa Cathion ubwoko bwa electrodeposition primer): Kwambika ubusa cyane cyane ibikorwa byo gukumira ingese. Usibye ibintu byiza birwanya rust, irangi rya electrodeposition irangi rishingiye kuri epoxy resin rifite ibyiza bikurikira mumashanyarazi yimodoka. No Nta gukuraho fosifate ya zinc yakozwe mugihe cya electrodeposition. Effect Ingaruka zibuza kwangirika bitewe nuburinganire bwimiterere ya resin property Umutungo mwiza wo kurwanya ingese bitewe ningaruka zo gukomeza gufatana bitewe na alkali nyinshi irwanya epoxy resin.
1) Ibyiza bya cationic electrodeposition
* Ndetse imiterere igoye irashobora gutwikirwa hamwe nubunini bwa firime
* Kwinjira neza imbere mubice bigoye hamwe.
* Gushushanya byikora
* Kubungabunga byoroshye no gucunga umurongo.
* Gukora neza.
Sisitemu yo gukaraba UF ifunze-ifunguye irashobora gukoreshwa (gutakaza amarangi make no kwanduza amazi mabi)
* Ibirimo bike kandi bihumanya ikirere.
* Ni irangi rishingiye ku mazi, kandi hashobora kubaho umuriro muke.
2) Irangi rya electrodeposition ya Cationic: Muri rusange, ni resin ya polyamino yabonetse wongeyeho primaire kuri amine ya kane kuri epoxy resin. Irabangamiwe na aside (acide acike) kugirango ibe amazi. Byongeye kandi, uburyo bwo gukiza bwa firime ya coating ni urethane ihuza ubwoko bwa reaction ukoresheje Blocked Isocyanate nkumuti ukiza.
3) Kunoza imikorere y irangi rya electrodeposition: Ikwirakwira kwisi yose nkikoti ryimodoka, ariko ubushakashatsi niterambere bikomeje kunoza ubwiza bwo kurwanya ruswa gusa mumodoka yose ariko no mubwiza bwa plasteri.
Igikorwa cyo gukumira ingese/ urwego rukingira
genda. Gupfundikanya rwose imitungo, kurwanya kwinjira kwingingo, kwihanganira gukata
wowe. Amashanyarazi arwanya ingese (adhesion-water adhesion, spin-resistance)
kora. Gukomera k'ubushyuhe buke (Kunonosora ingese y'ibice bifatanye na reberi, nibindi)
Imikorere yo kwisiga/ gushushanya
genda. Ibikoresho byo gutwika ibyuma bya plaque (bigira uruhare mugutezimbere ubwiza nuburabyo, nibindi)
wowe. Kurwanya umuhondo (kubuza umuhondo w'ikoti ryera)
- Ikoti ryo hagati: Ikoti hagati igira uruhare runini kugirango igabanye ibikorwa byinshi byo kwirinda ingese ya koti yo munsi (electrodeposition) hamwe nakazi ko guhomesha ikote ryo hejuru, kandi ifite umurimo wo kuzamura ireme ryirangi rya sisitemu yose yo gushushanya. Byongeye kandi, uburyo bwo gutwikira hagati buragira uruhare mukugabanya inenge zo gutwikira kuko zitwikiriye inenge zidashobora kwirindwa zambaye ikote (gushushanya, gufunga umukungugu, nibindi) murwego runaka kumurongo wo gushushanya.
Irangi ryo hagati ni ubwoko bukoresha amavuta ya polyester adafite amavuta nkibisigara shingiro kandi bigakiza ubushyuhe mugutangiza melamine resin na urethane (Bl). Vuba aha, kugirango tunonosore ubukana, primer chiping rimwe na rimwe iba itwikiriwe namazi yatose hagati yo gutangira.
1) Kuramba kw'ikoti ryo hagati
* Kurwanya amazi: kwifata gake no guhagarika ibibyimba
* Kurwanya gukata: Gukuramo imbaraga zingaruka iyo ibuye ryatewe kandi bikagabanya ibyangiritse kuri firime ya coating iganisha kumajwi kandi bigahagarika kubaho kwangirika kwa scab.
* Kurwanya ikirere: Kwangirika gake kubera imirasire ya UV, kandi bigabanya hanze kwishura ikote ryo hejuru.
2) Igikorwa cyo guhomesha ikoti hagati
* Kwambika imitungo: Gira uruhare mu koroshya hanze yarangije gutwikira ubuso bwububiko bwa electrodeposition
* Kurwanya ibishishwa: Muguhagarika kubyimba no gusesa ikoti rwagati kubijyanye no kwishura ikote ryo hejuru, haboneka ubuziranenge bugaragara cyane.
* Guhindura amabara: Ikoti ryo hagati risanzwe rifite imvi, ariko vuba aha birashoboka gushiraho ikote ryo hejuru rifite ibintu bike byihishe mukuyisiga amabara (kashe yamabara).
3) Irangi hagati
* Ubwiza bukenewe kuri kote yo hagati: kurwanya gukata, guhisha ibintu shingiro, gufatira kuri firime ya electrodeposition, koroshya, nta gutakaza urumuri, gufatira ikote hejuru, kurwanya kwangirika kwumucyo
- Ikoti: Igikorwa kinini cya topcoat ni ugutanga ibintu byo kwisiga no kubirinda no kubibungabunga. Hano haribintu byiza nkibara, ubwiza bwubuso, uburabyo, nubwiza bwibishusho (ubushobozi bwo kumurika neza ishusho yikintu muri firime ya coating). Byongeye kandi, ubushobozi bwo kurinda no kubungabunga ubwiza bwimodoka nkiyi igihe kirekire burakenewe kuri kote yo hejuru.
- Ikoti: Igikorwa kinini cya topcoat ni ugutanga ibintu byo kwisiga no kubirinda no kubibungabunga. Hano haribintu byiza nkibara, ubwiza bwubuso, uburabyo, nubwiza bwibishusho (ubushobozi bwo kumurika neza ishusho yikintu muri firime ya coating). Byongeye kandi, ubushobozi bwo kurinda no kubungabunga ubwiza bwimodoka nkiyi igihe kirekire burakenewe kuri kote yo hejuru.
1) Ikoti ryo hejuru: Amabara ashyirwa mubice ukurikije ibara rya pigment ikoreshwa ku irangi, kandi ahanini igabanyijemo ibara rya mika, ibara ryuma n’ibara rikomeye bitewe n’uko hakoreshwa pigment ya flake nka flake ya pome ya aluminium.
* Ubwiza bugaragara: ubworoherane, umucyo, kugaragara, kumva ubutaka
* Kuramba: kubungabunga gloss no kurinda, guhindura amabara, gushira
* Gufatanya: Gusubiramo inkweto, guhuza amajwi 2, gufatisha hamwe
* Kurwanya ibisubizo
Kurwanya imiti
* Ubwiza bwimikorere: kurwanya imodoka yo gukaraba, kurwanya imvura ya aside, kurwanya chipping
2) Irangi ryangiza ibidukikije
* High Solid: Iri ni irangi ryinshi-risubiza amabwiriza ya VOC (Volatile Organic Compounds), kandi ni ubwoko bugabanya ingano yumuti ukoreshwa. Irangwa no kumva neza ubutaka no gukoresha resin-uburemere buke.
* Ubwoko bwa Bome Amazi (irangi rishingiye kumazi): Iri ni irangi rigabanya ingano yumuti ukoreshwa kandi ugakoresha amazi (amazi meza) nkibara ryoroshye. Nkibiranga, ikigo gishyushya (IR_Preheat) gishobora guhumeka amazi kirasabwa mugikorwa cyo gusiga amarangi, bityo rero birasabwa kuvugurura ibikoresho, kandi gutera spray bisaba kandi uburyo bwa electrode kumarangi ashingiye kumazi.
3) Irangi ryimikorere
* CCS (Sisitemu igoye ya sisitemu, irangi ryubwoko butandukanye) , hamwe no kurwanya aside hamwe no guhangana na scratch biratera imbere.
* NCS. Ifite aside irwanya cyane, irwanya ibishushanyo, kandi irwanya ikizinga.
. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa guhindura imyitwarire yubukonje mugikorwa cyo gukora firime nyinshi kuva gushushanya kugeza guteka no gukomera. Ibidukikije byo gusiga amarangi nkubushyuhe, ubushuhe, n umuvuduko wumuyaga wikibanza cyo gushushanya nabyo ni ibintu byingenzi.
1) Viscosity ya resin: uburemere bwa molekile, guhuza (ibipimo bya solubility: SP agaciro)
2) Pigment: kwinjiza amavuta, kwibanda kuri pigment (PWC), ubunini butandukanye
3) Inyongeramusaruro: agent viscous agent, kuringaniza agent, defoaming agent, inhibitor yo gutandukanya amabara, nibindi.
4) Gukiza umuvuduko: kwibanda kumatsinda akora mumikorere shingiro, reaction ya agent ihuza
Mubyongeyeho, ubunini bwa firime yatwikiriye bugira uruhare runini kumiterere yuzuye ya kote yo hejuru. Vuba aha, imiterere ya viscous agent nka microgel ituma bishoboka kugera kubintu byombi bigenda neza kandi biringaniye, kandi isura yarangiye itezimbere hamwe na firime yuzuye.
?
- Kurwanya ikirere cyo hejuru hejuru: Nubwo imodoka zigaragara ahantu hatandukanye, igipfundikizo cyo hejuru cyakira ibikorwa byumucyo, amazi, ogisijeni, ubushyuhe, nibindi.
1) Ibintu byiza
* Gutesha agaciro ububengerane: Ubuso bwubuso bwa firime ya coating bwangiritse, kandi gukwirakwiza urumuri ruturutse hejuru biriyongera. Ibigize resin ni ngombwa, ariko hari n'ingaruka za pigment.
* Guhindura ibara: Ijwi ryibara ryambere rya coating ihinduka ukurikije gusaza kwa pigment cyangwa resin muri firime. Kubikorwa byimodoka, pigment irwanya ikirere igomba guhitamo.
2) ibintu byubukanishi
* Kuvunika: Ibice bibaho mugice cyo hejuru cya firime cyangwa firime yose itwikiriye bitewe nimpinduka mumiterere yumubiri wa firime yo gutwikira bitewe na fotooxidation cyangwa hydrolysis (kugabanuka kuramba, gufatira, nibindi) hamwe no guhangayika imbere. By'umwihariko, ikunda kugaragara muri firime isobanutse neza, kandi usibye no guhindura imiterere ya firime yimiterere yimiterere yimiterere ya acrylic resin no guhindura imiterere yumubiri wa firime, gukoresha imiti ya ultraviolet na antioxydeant ni ingirakamaro.
* Peeling: Firime yo gutwikamo igice yakuweho igice kubera kugabanuka kwifata rya firime ya coating cyangwa kugabanuka kwimiterere ya rheologiya, nigikorwa cyimbaraga zo hanze nko kumena cyangwa kunyeganyeza amabuye.
3) ibintu bya shimi
* Kwanduza umwanda: Niba soot, imirambo y’udukoko, cyangwa imvura ya aside ifatanye hejuru ya firime isize, igice gihinduka irangi kandi kigahinduka ibara ahantu. Birakenewe gushiramo ibishishwa birwanya ibishishwa, alkali irwanya pigment na resin. Imwe mu mpamvu zituma ikote risobanutse rikoreshwa ku ibara ryuma ni ukurinda ifu ya aluminium.
- Ibibazo bizaza bya kote yo hejuru: Ubwiza nubushakashatsi bigenda birushaho kuba ingirakamaro mugutezimbere ubucuruzi bwimodoka. Mugihe hasubijwe uburyo butandukanye bwibisabwa nimpinduka mubikoresho nka plastiki, birakenewe gusubiza ibyifuzo byimibereho nko kwangirika kw’imodoka no kugabanya ihumana ry’ikirere. Muri ibi bihe, amakoti atandukanye yimodoka itaha arasuzumwa.
Reka turebe neza uburyo busanzwe bwo gushushanya amamodoka hanyuma turebe aho ubushyuhe no kwimura ari ngombwa byingenzi. Igikorwa rusange cyo gusiga amamodoka nuburyo bukurikira.
Pre Kwitegura
② Electrodeposition (ikoti munsi)
Igicapo
④ Munsi
Gushushanya ibishashara
⑥ Kurwanya Chip Primer
⑦ Primer
At Ikoti ryo hejuru
Gukuraho neza no gusya
Ibikorwa byo gukora ibinyabiziga bifata amasaha agera kuri 20, muri yo amasaha 10, ni kimwe cya kabiri, inzira yavuzwe haruguru ifata amasaha 10. Muri byo, inzira zingenzi kandi zingenzi ni ukwitegura, gutwikira electrodeposition (gutwikira amakoti), primer coating, hamwe no hejuru. Reka twibande kuri izi nzira.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-08-2022
